Diabetes Mellitus

What is diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes Mellitus is referred to as a metabolic disorder since it affects a wide range of body functions. The exact cause of the disease being uncertain, the environmental factors interact with a genetic susceptibility and determines which people develop the clinical disease and at what age.

Diabetes is diagnosed by raised levels of blood sugar. The levels above 110mg/dl for a fasting sample and above 140mg/dl in post lunch sample of blood can be labelled as diabetes.

The disease is classified into two types depending upon the efficiency of the pancreas secreting insulin which is a hormone that reduces the blood sugar levels.

Type 1 (Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus) where there is destruction of cells of the glands secreting insulin in the pancreas due to various causes.

Type 2 (Non-Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus) where the body cells develop a resistance to insulin and hence it cannot perform its function.

Apart from these, raised levels of blood sugar are also seen during normal pregnancy in some females and is known as Gestational Diabetes. It regresses after pregnancy, however repeated pregnancy may increase the likelihood of developing irreversible DM particularly in obese females.

What are its symptoms?

It is manifested by a number of signs and symptoms but the most commonly encountered are

  • Loss of weight
  • Excessive thirst
  • Increased frequency of urination
  • Abnormal appetite with craving for sweets
  • Tiredness
  • Delayed healing of wounds or wound festering.

How does it affect the body?

Assessment of glycaemic control i.e. keeping a check on the blood sugar levels (BSL) is necessary in diabetic patients because in the long run it tends to affect various organs of the body leading to complications. These complications occur as a result of narrowing of the blood vessels supplying organs like

  • Eye leading to dimness of vision or total blindness
  • Kidneys leading to damage of kidney function
  • The nervous system i.e. the nerve supply especially of the limbs leading to loss of sensation or a common manifestation of burning of palms and soles.

How can it be controlled?

The conventional line of treatment include the alteration of the diet regimen, exercise, and medications.

In diet particularly, reducing or stopping the intake of foods rich in refined carbohydrates such as sugar, sweets, rice, bananas, potatoes etc is advised. It is necessary to reduce the weight particularly in obese patients as the excess fats in the body tend to convert into sugars in the metabolic hassle thus increasing the BSL.

Exercise is an unavoidable regime in the management of diabetes as it causes to burn the excess amount of fats and calories.

Oral hypoglycaemic drugs are usually the primary line of treatment. Certain cases which do not respond to these medicines are administered insulin therapy in an injectable form. There are however various side effects of insulin therapy such as sudden fall in sugar levels causing dizziness, weight gain, swelling in body parts, local allergy or rashes and fat nodules at injection site.

Modern science has been however unable to find out the apt cause of the disease. It has assumptions of the disease causations and has laid it on the basis of the study of a number of cases and the conditions predisposing to it. Hence a genetic predisposition has by far been the only major factor that has come forward. But the reason as to why the disease has manifested itself at the particular time i.e. in early adulthood or later in life in particular individuals has not yet been formulated. Stress is a major factor that has been pointed out for the occurrence of the disease but is still unresolved.

What does Homeopathy have to offer?

From the Homeopathic point of view, diabetes is regarded as a Psycho-somatic disorder. In a Homeopathic case taking the triggering factor is considered to be some kind of a mental stress or an imbalance in the individual at a certain point of time which has caused this disease to manifest itself in that person at that time. Being a genetic disorder, it lies in a hidden state in the individual just to peep out at a certain time when the defence system of the body has been lowered down due to some internal or external influence.

Hence after studying the exact nature of the cause in that particular individual, a Homeopathic remedy is selected which acts to restore the equilibrium of the body. This remedy is nothing but an external force which stimulates the weakened system and helps it to fight out the disease.

The action of Homeopathic remedy is not only on the BSL but also to reverse the mechanism which causes the BSL to raise. In early stages of the disease when there is no much destruction of the cells secreting insulin, Homeopathic medicine can stop the further damage and borderline cases can be cured. In later stages, where there is an irreversible damage to the pancreas and lack of insulin secretion, these medicines can act as an aid to reduce the BSL and maintain them at a fairly balanced levels and thus prevent the further complications. It also helps in maintaining BSL in cases which do not respond to hypoglycaemic drugs and can prevent them from becoming dependent on injectable insulin. Apart from these the Homeopathic medicines also are useful in treating the various complications of diabetes and thus reduce the morbidity related to the disease.

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